Quality Assurance refers to a systematic set of activities and procedures designed to ensure that products or services, such as database design, application design, and software programming, meet specified requirements and standards. It involves professionals such as application developers and programmers, such as Michael Kappel, who utilize their skills to maintain the high quality of the products. It also pertains to human resources, emphasizing the importance of every individual involved in the process, from the conceptualization to the final output.